Darkness under candlestick: glacial refugia on mountain glaciers
Ivan Horáček, Vojen Ložek, Markéta Knitlová, Lucie Juřičková
10.5817/CZ.MUNI.M210-7781-2015-27
HORÁČEK, Ivan, LOŽEK, Vojen, KNITLOVÁ, Markéta and JUŘIČKOVÁ, Lucie. Darkness under candlestick: glacial refugia on mountain glaciers. In: Sandra SÁZELOVÁ, Martin NOVÁK and Alena MIZEROVÁ (eds.). Forgotten times and spaces: New perspectives in paleoanthropological, paleoetnological and archeological studies. 1st Edition. Brno: Institute of Archeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Masaryk University, 2015, pp. 363-377. ISBN 978-80-7524-000-2; 978-80-210-7781-2. DOI: 10.5817/CZ.MUNI.M210-7781-2015-27.
Abstract
The paper surveys MIS3 and MIS2 records of molluscs and vertebrates from two caves in the High Tatra Mountains, situated close to the surface of the Vistulian mountain glaciers. The diversified communities with demanding elements and local endemite species appeared here undoubtedly even during the LGM. In explanation of this fact we reconsidered paleoclimatic and paleo-environmental specificities of high mountain habitats during glaciation and proposed a model suggesting the conditions enabling continuous survival of demanding forms and alpine endemites just on the surface of mountain glaciers.
Keywords
Last Glacial Maximum, biogeography, Tatra Mountains, molluscs, small vertebrates
Résumé
Cet article dresse un tableau du développement des stades isotopiques marins MIS3 et MIS2 à partir des séquences de mollusques et de vertrébrés de deux sites en grottes dans la chaîne des Hautes Tatras, en Slovaquie, à proximité du glacier de la glaciation de Weichsel. Notre étude démontre la présence de communautés diversifiées, caractérisées notamment par la présence d’espèces exigentes, à côté d’espèces endémiques locales, durant le Dernier Maximum Glaciaire. Pour expliquer ce phénomène, nous avons reconsidéré les spécificités propres aux habitats de haute montagne en période de glaciation. Par ailleurs, nous proposons un modèle sur les conditions nécessaires à la survie continue d’espèces exigeantes et d´espèces endémiques alpines en bordure de glaciers.
Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick der MIS3 und MIS2 Daten der Mollusken und Wirbeltiere aus zwei Höhlen in der Hohen Tatra, die nahe der Oberfläche der Weichsel – Gletscher gelegt. Die formenreichen Gemeinschaften mit anspruchsvollen Elementen und lokalen endemischen Formen erscheinen hier unzweifelhaft auch während des LGM. Als Erklärung für diese Fakten haben wir paläoklimatische und umweltbezogene Besonderheiten dieser Hochgebirgshabitate während der Kaltphase in Betracht gezogen und haben ein Modell vorgeschlagen, welches das ständige Überleben der anspruchsvollen Arten und alpinen Endemiten an der Oberfläche des Gletschers aufgeklärt.
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